The publication of the Health and Safety Authority (HSA) Annual Report 2025 makes for sobering reading, particularly in light of the fact that 61 people lost their lives in work-related accidents during 2025. While the figure has been known since the beginning of the year, its inclusion in the Authority’s annual review highlights the scale of the challenge facing employers, workers, regulators and safety professionals across Ireland.
The total represents the highest number of workplace fatalities recorded since 2007 and marks a significant increase from the 36 fatalities reported in 2024. The figures serve as a stark reminder that workplace health and safety must remain a priority across all sectors of the Irish economy.
HSA Highlights Concern Over Agricultural Fatalities
In her report to the Minister responsible for workplace safety, HSA Chairperson Patricia Byron described the increase in fatalities as deeply concerning. Similarly, HSA Chief Executive Mark Cullen emphasised that the figures underline the ongoing importance of strengthening health and safety measures throughout the country.
Particular concern continues to centre on the agricultural sector, which has consistently recorded a disproportionate number of workplace deaths. The report notes that many fatalities involved self-employed farmers aged over 60, highlighting the need for continued awareness campaigns, training initiatives and practical safety interventions within farming communities.
Increase in HSA Inspections and Enforcement Activity
While the fatality statistics are alarming, the Annual Report also contains some more encouraging indicators.
The HSA reported carrying out 11,974 inspections and investigations during 2025, representing the highest level of inspection activity since 2007. The Authority also:
- Completed 22 prosecutions
- Issued 420 prohibition notices
- Served 415 improvement notices
- Sent 9,526 written advice letters
These figures reflect a significant level of regulatory engagement and demonstrate the Authority’s continued focus on enforcement and compliance.
Sector Breakdown of HSA Inspections
Of the 10,782 occupational safety and health inspections undertaken:
- 2,845 were conducted in construction
- 1,548 took place in wholesale and retail businesses
- 1,337 were carried out within manufacturing
- 1,243 occurred in agriculture
Additional inspections included:
- 871 in transport and storage
- 628 in health and social care
- 541 in accommodation and food services
- 461 in water, sewerage and waste services
- 261 in administrative and support services
A further 1,988 inspections were undertaken across a variety of other sectors.
The Authority also completed:
- 1,052 inspections under chemicals legislation and regulations governing the carriage of dangerous goods by road
- 426 market surveillance assessments of industrial products
Significant Court Fines Following Prosecutions
The HSA’s enforcement activity resulted in 22 completed prosecutions during 2025, with courts imposing total fines of €2.468 million.
The majority of cases (15 prosecutions) were heard before the Circuit Court, where:
- The average fine imposed was €164,666
- The highest fine reached €650,000
By comparison, fines imposed in the District Court totalled €16,000, with an average fine of approximately €2,285.
These figures reinforce the potentially significant financial consequences for employers who fail to meet their health and safety obligations.
Fatal Accident Investigations and Support for Families
The report confirms that every fatal accident reported to the HSA was investigated, resulting in 131 fatal accident investigations during the year.
The Authority’s Victim Liaison Office also continued its important work supporting bereaved families. In 2025:
- 60 cases were referred to the Office
- More than 500 communications were exchanged with families
The service plays a vital role in ensuring that families are kept informed regarding investigation progress and relevant court proceedings.
Ongoing Concerns Regarding Inquest Delays
One issue not addressed directly in the Annual Report is the concern sometimes expressed by families and coroners regarding the length of time required to conclude certain inquests following workplace fatalities.
While delays can arise for a variety of reasons, including factors beyond the control of the HSA, such concerns are occasionally raised in public hearings in a manner that can create questions around the Authority’s role in the process. It is important to recognise that workplace fatality investigations often involve multiple agencies and legal processes, each of which can impact timelines.
What Employers Can Learn From the Report
The findings of the HSA Annual Report 2025 should prompt employers to review their own health and safety management systems. Regular risk assessments, comprehensive training, effective supervision, and a strong safety culture remain essential in preventing serious accidents and fatalities.
At Trant O’Meara Solicitors, we regularly advise employers and organisations on health and safety compliance, workplace investigations and regulatory matters. The latest HSA figures serve as a timely reminder that robust safety procedures are not only a legal requirement but are fundamental to protecting workers and businesses alike.
